instead用法是什么（instead 和instead of）

副词instead和instead of是常用副词及短语，也是考试题中常常出现的。现就常见意思和用法进行陈述。

1.instead作“替代（……而））,代替”他(（它）讲。需要注意的是，在翻译时，常不译出来。比如：

I gave up my epic and wrote this little tale instead.我放弃了史诗，转而写了这个小故事。I don't like this one; give me that instead.我不喜欢这个，把那个给我吧。

Last summer I went to France. This year I’m going to Italy instead.去年夏天我去了法国。今年我要去意大利。

2.短语instead of表示“代替，而不……”。它后面可以跟名词、代词、动名词和介词短语等。另外，其翻译起来也比较灵活。

1）instead of后跟名词或代词:

I will go instead of you. 我代替你去。I have come instead of my brother. He is ill. 我代替我哥哥来的。他病了。

Give me the red one instead of the green one.给我那个红色的，不要那个绿色的。Why did they choose him instead of Tom? 他们为什么选择他而不是汤姆?

We found ourselves in a village instead of the town.我们发现自己在一个村庄，而不是在城镇。

2）instead of后跟动名词:

We walked down the stairs instead of taking the elevator.我们没有乘电梯，而是走下楼梯。Instead of going to New York, we got off, and took another road.我们没有去纽约，而是下了车，走了另一条路。

You should be out playing instead of working indoors.你应该出去玩，而不是在室内工作。Instead of giving him the money, he gave it to me.他没有把钱给他，而是给了我。

They must make up their own minds instead of our making up their minds for them. 他们必须自己做决定，而不是我们替他们做决定。

Instead of后面也可以跟复合结构。比如：It's me that should ask you instead of you asking me.应该是我问你，而不是你问我。

3）instead of后跟介词短语等

He studies in the evening instead of during the day.他在晚上而不是白天学习。I shall spend the afternoon here instead of at the Slade.我要在这里度过下午，而不是在斯莱德。

As a result, silver began to flow out of, instead of into the country. 结果，白银开始流出，而不是流入这个国家。

Instead of有时表示“不仅……反而”。比如：

Instead of disturbing her, the news had a strangely calming effect.这消息非但没有使她不安，反而让她产生了一种奇怪的镇静作用。

Instead of saving the credit of the dollar, this can only make things worse. 这不仅不能挽救美元的信誉，而且只会让事情变得更糟。